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Order of Owls
The Order of Owls is a secret fraternal order founded in 1904 in South Bend, Indiana by John W. Talbot.〔Preuss, Arthur ''A Dictionary of Secret and other Societies'' St. Louis: B. Herder Book Co. 1924; republished Detroit: Gale Reference Company 1966; p.356〕 According to its literature, the purposes of the society were "to assist each other in business, to help each other in obtaining employment, to assist the widows and orphans of our brothers, to give aid to our brother in any way that they may need, and assemble for mutual pleasure and entertainment."〔Preuss p.357, quoting the Constitution and Bylaws of Nest #1482 in Maryville, Missouri〕 Its "catechism" said "Owls do good, speak kindly, shake hands warmly, and respect and honor their women".〔Whalen p.129〕
== History ==
The order originated among a group of men who engaged in different businesses and periodically met for mutual assistance. This group included John W. Talbot, Joseph E. Talbot, George D. Beroth, J. Lott Losey, John J.Johnson, John D. Burke, William Weaver and Frank Dunbar. They got around to discussing the teachings and methods of different fraternal orders and decided to create a new one, named after the owl. After several months of planning by "the best constitutional lawyers in the Middle West", the constitution was adopted and the order was founded at the law offices of Talbot and Talbot on Nov. 20, 1904 in South Bend, Indiana.〔''Christian Cynosure'' Vol. XLVIII #8 Dec. 1915 p.237, quoting an undated issue of the Orders "official publication" Vol. II #15〕
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